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Tonbridge railway station

Coordinates: 51°11′28″N 0°16′16″E / 51.191°N 0.271°E / 51.191; 0.271
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Tonbridge
National Rail
Southeastern and Southern services at Tonbridge, looking east in 2021
General information
LocationTonbridge, Borough of Tonbridge and Malling
England
Coordinates51°11′28″N 0°16′16″E / 51.191°N 0.271°E / 51.191; 0.271
Grid referenceTQ586460
Managed bySoutheastern
Platforms4
Other information
Station codeTON
ClassificationDfT category B
Key dates
26 May 1842Opened as Tunbridge
January 1852Renamed Tunbridge Junction
1864Resited 310 yards (280 m) west
May 1893Renamed Tonbridge Junction
July 1929Renamed Tonbridge[1]
Passengers
2019/20Decrease 4.419 million
 Interchange Decrease 0.497 million
2020/21Decrease 1.210 million
 Interchange Decrease 0.114 million
2021/22Increase 2.986 million
 Interchange Increase 0.299 million
2022/23Increase 3.503 million
 Interchange Increase 0.322 million
2023/24Increase 3.758 million
 Interchange Increase 0.367 million
Notes
Passenger statistics from the Office of Rail and Road
Development of
Tonbridge
railway station
Legend
May 1842
to Redhill
Tunbridge
to Ashford
September 1845
to Redhill
Tunbridge
to Tunbridge Wells
to Ashford
1857
to Redhill
Tunbridge Junction
to Hastings
to Ashford
1864
to Redhill
 Tunbridge Junction
to Hastings
to Ashford
1868
to Redhill
to Charing Cross
 Tunbridge Junction
to Hastings
to Ashford
1914
to Redhill
to Charing Cross
 Tonbridge Junction
to Hastings
to Ashford
Auto-fitted ex-SE&CR 0-4-4T in 1958
Down stopping train from Redhill in 1958

Tonbridge railway station is on the South Eastern Main Line in England, serving the town of Tonbridge, Kent. It is 29 miles 46 chains (47.6 km) from London Charing Cross via Sevenoaks. Trains calling at the station are operated by Southeastern and Southern.

Tonbridge forms a junction between the South Eastern Main Line, the Hastings Line and the Redhill–Tonbridge line. There are four platforms. Platform 4 is a terminating platform.

There are extensive yards and storage sidings on both the east and west sides of the station.

History

[edit]

The South Eastern Railway (SER) first reached Tonbridge (then known as Tunbridge) in May 1842.[2] The site of the original station was on the east side of the road bridge over the railway, opposite its current location to the west of the bridge.[3] The building of the station obliterated the last remains of Tonbridge Priory.[4] At the time, the line ran to London Bridge via Redhill and Croydon, using the Brighton Main Line. It served as a temporary terminus until December 1842, when the line reached Ashford. A couple of years later the through line to Dover opened. A small engine shed was built; the date of opening is uncertain but it is presumed to date from the opening of the line. On 20 September 1845, a branch to Tunbridge Wells opened. The station was later renamed Tunbridge Junction. Over the next seven years the branch was extended to Hastings. Access to the line to Hastings was via an indirect link which required a reverse. This arrangement lasted until 1868 when a steeply climbing direct route was opened.[2]

However, being forced to share tracks with its rival, the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway, as well as competition from the London, Chatham & Dover Railway meant that the SER decided to build a new route from London Bridge, which ran via Chislehurst and Orpington. The cut-off joined the main line at Tonbridge.[5] This prompted a rebuild of the station, and in 1864 it was rebuilt on its current site with four platforms. The original station was demolished in 1865[6] after closure, but the entrance gateways are still in situ. The down side entrance is in Vale Road opposite Sainsbury's, and the up side entrance is in Priory Road, forming the entrance to second hand car sales shop.

The cut-off opened in 1868. Soon afterwards, a larger engine shed was built, but still on the opposite side of the bridge to the main part of the station.[7] In May 1893, the station changed its name to Tonbridge Junction, following the change in the town's name to avoid confusion with the larger Tunbridge Wells. At that time, there were two through platforms, two through roads, and two bay platforms at the west end of the station. These bay platforms served the lines to Redhill and Sevenoaks.[8] The indirect line to Tunbridge Wells remained in use until about 1913, after which it was closed and the track dismantled.[9] By November 1919, the up platform station roof bore the name TONBRIDGE in white letters. This feature was a navigational aid for aircraft.[10]

Under the Southern Railway, the station was renamed Tonbridge in July 1929. It was rebuilt in 1935, with the bay on the south side of the station converted to a through platform.[8] This entailed the construction of a new section of bridge under the road outside the station.[11]

By May 1958, the brick station building fronting the main road had been rebuilt with a tiled facade.[11] The Sevenoaks to Dover line via Tonbridge was electrified in 1961 when the Southern Region improved train frequencies and faster journey times were introduced under British Railways as part of the Kent Coast Electrification.[12] The line south to Tunbridge Wells and Hastings was electrified in 1986 by British Rail,[13] and finally the line to Redhill was electrified in 1993 also by British Rail as part of the Eurostar/Channel Tunnel route improvement works.[citation needed]

Eurostar trains ran through Tonbridge station until the first section of the High Speed line was built through Kent, to cut down journey times from London to the Channel Tunnel. The transfer happened on 28 September 2003. The station was refurbished in 2011–12.[citation needed]

In 2015, the station gained a resident cat, Saffie. The 8-year-old animal needed a new home when her owners moved house. Staff at the station adopted her.[14] Saffie died in March 2018.[15]

Platforms

[edit]

Platforms 1 and 2 are an island platform with tracks signalled for trains in both directions.

  • Platform 1 for Southern trains to/from Redhill (which terminate here from the west) and to/from Maidstone West and Strood (which terminate here from the east).
  • Platform 2 for trains from Dover, Ramsgate and Hastings to London via Sevenoaks.

Platform 3 is an island platform, and Platform 4 is a west-facing bay.

  • Platform 3 for all trains to Dover and Ramsgate via Ashford International and to Hastings via Tunbridge Wells.
  • Platform 4 for trains to/from London (which terminate here from the west)

Services

[edit]

Services at Tonbridge are operated by Southeastern and Southern using Class 375, 377, 465 and 466 EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:[16]

Additional services, including trains to and from London Cannon Street, Ramsgate via Deal and Strood via Maidstone West call at the station during the peak hours.

Preceding station National Rail National Rail Following station
Southeastern
Sevenoaks or Hildenborough   Southeastern
   High Brooms
TerminusSoutheastern
Limited Service
SouthernTerminus

Tonbridge yard and sidings

[edit]
Class 73 in Tonbridge West Yard

There are extensive yards and storage sidings (tracks) on both the east and west sides of the station.

To the east of the station are Tonbridge East Sidings, four sidings and a two-track shed used by Network Rail for maintenance equipment storage and materials delivery. These occupy part of the site of the former engine shed.

Further down the line towards Paddock Wood, there is the now disused Tonbridge Postal Siding. This was opened in 1995 with a new down "slow" line to handle mail and parcels traffic for the nearby Royal Mail sorting office. It was last used on 25th July 2003 owing to the loss of most mail traffic to road haulage.

To the west, between the Redhill line and the West Yard, the four electrified 'Jubilee' sidings are used to stable trains. The adjacent West Yard, operated by GB Railfreight, has sixteen non-electrified tracks and is now mainly used for stabling engineers' trains. The West Yard was built in 1941 as part of the improvements needed for freight train traffic during World War Two, and is spanned by a long footbridge carrying a public footpath between Douglas Road and Clare Avenue.

Tonbridge Power (signal) Box stands at the eastern entrance to the Jubilee sidings and West Yard. Built in 1962, it is still in limited operational use.[17]

Adjacent to the main London line there are two short electrified sidings (Tonbridge Down Main sidings).

Accidents

[edit]
377 317, 23 August 2020.
  • On 1 January 1846, a bridge over the River Medway collapsed in a flood. A train driver was killed when he tried to jump clear of the train.[18][19]
  • On 30 September 1866, four carriages which had been slipped from a Dover bound train to be worked to Tunbridge Wells ran through the station and collided with some empty carriages in a siding. Eleven people were injured.[20]
  • On 23 October 1899, a passenger train from Redhill collided with the buffer stop in the bay platform. Sixteen people were injured.[21]
  • On 23 January 1903, a passenger train from London collided with the buffer stop in the bay platform. Five people were injured.[22]
  • On 5 March 1909, a train travelling towards Redhill overran a signal and collided with the boat train from Charing Cross to Dover. Two railway staff were killed and eleven passengers injured. A third train was prevented from crashing into the wreckage by the prompt actions of two travelling ticket inspectors. As a consequence of the accident, the Royal Train carrying King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra was diverted at Chislehurst Junction to take a different route to Dover.[23][24]
  • On 23 August 2020, Class 377 electric multiple unit 377317 was derailed at the exit of the Jubilee Sidings.[25]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Butt 1995, p. 231.
  2. ^ a b Mitchell & Smith 1987, p. 2.
  3. ^ Neve 1933, p. 126 (facing).
  4. ^ "The Priory". Tonbridge Historical Society. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
  5. ^ Jewell 1984, p. 13.
  6. ^ "Tonbridge Timeline". www.tonbridgehistory.org.uk.
  7. ^ "Tonbridge".
  8. ^ a b Mitchell & Smith 1987, Figure 1.
  9. ^ Mitchell & Smith 1987, Figure 7.
  10. ^ "Aerial Signposts". Flight International (20 November 1919): 1494.
  11. ^ a b Mitchell & Smith 1987, Figure 4.
  12. ^ Southern Electric Group Feature Kent Coast Electrification Scheme - "Kent Coast Electrification Scheme". Archived from the original on 6 December 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
  13. ^ Per this souvenir ticket from the first day of electric services (click to view).
  14. ^ Rusbridge-Thomas, Annabel (22 June 2015). "Tonbridge station cat Sapphie stars in Southeastern video". Kent Messenger. Kent Online. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  15. ^ @Se_railway (9 March 2018). "Tweet" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  16. ^ Table 183, 204, 206, 207, 208 National Rail timetable, December 2023
  17. ^ http://www.networkrail.co.uk/signal-box-register.xls[permanent dead link‍]
  18. ^ "Impact of scour and flood risk on railway structures" (PDF). Rail Safety and Standards Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2006. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
  19. ^ "Accident at Tonbridge on 1st January 1846". The Railways Archive. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  20. ^ "South Eastern Railway" (PDF). Board of Trade. 10 October 1866. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  21. ^ "South Eastern and Chatham and Dover Railway" (PDF). Board of Trade. 4 November 1899. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  22. ^ "South-Eastern and Chatham Railway" (PDF). Board of Trade. 7 March 1903. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  23. ^ Chapman 2009.
  24. ^ Esbester, Mike (5 March 2018). "Tonbridge, 1909 – snow, a crash, the king & a postcard". Railway Work, Life & Death. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
  25. ^ Network Rail [@NetworkRailSE] (24 August 2020). "Due to Sunday's low-speed derailment of an empty train in the depot near Tonbridge Station our engineers are continuing to work to re-rail the train and check the signalling and track systems in the area" (Tweet). Retrieved 24 August 2020 – via Twitter.

Sources

[edit]
  • Butt, R. V. J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-85260-508-1.
  • Chapman, Frank (6 March 2009). "Rail crash publicity huge as quick thinking saves King and Queen". Kent & Sussex Courier. Courier Group Newspapers.
  • Jewell, Brian (1984). Down the line to Hastings. Southborough: The Baton Press. ISBN 0-85936-223-X.
  • Mitchell, Vic; Smith, Keith (1987). Tonbridge to Hastings. Easebourne: Middleton Press. ISBN 0-906520-44-4.
  • Neve, Arthur (1933). The Tonbridge of Yesterday. The Tonbridge Free Press. p. facing page 126. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
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